Define HTML
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991. Hyper Text simply means "Text within a Text". A text has a link within it, is a hypertext. Every time when you click on a word which brings you to a new web page. HTML is a markup language means that everything should be written inside the tags. HTML tags are the keyword surrounded by the angle brackets.
HTML is used to create static web pages or websites. HTML is not a case-sensitive language, means that the HTML tags can be written in lowercase or in uppercase. HTML code can be written in any text editor such as Notepad, Notepad++, Adobe Dreamweaver, Brackets, Sublime, Microsoft Visual Studio Code (most recomended) etc. and the output will be displayed on the web browser(Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Opera, Safari) etc.
HTML tags are divided into two categories:
- Empty tag / Single tag / unpaired tag: This type of tags does not contain any other tag or text. They are started and ended in a same line. HTML tags with no content is known as empty tag. Example of empty tags are: <br>, <hr>, <img> etc.
- Container tag / Double tag / Pair tag: This type of tags have an opening tag, some text, or tags enclosed in it and a closing tag. Example of container tags are: <html> </html>, <body> </body>, <ol> </ol> etc.
HTML Versions
| Version | Year |
|---|---|
| HTML 1.0 | 1991 |
| HTML 2.0 | 1995 |
| HTML 3.2 | 1997 |
| HTML 4.01 | 1999 |
| XHTML | 2000 |
| HTML 5 | 2014 |
Points to remember while saving a file.
- File name and folder name can be given in uppercase or in lowercase letter, but lowercase letter is more preferred. Also, don't mix uppercase and lowercase letter.
- Avoid using space in between filename.
- You can use '-' (hyphen) or '_' (underscore) character, but hyphen is more preferred.
- Linux server is case-sensitive, means capital letter is different from lower letter.
- HTML tags is not case sensitive, but lowercase is recomended.
